The industrial base for carbon dioxide storage status and prospects

Summary: Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is the process of capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) prior to its being emitted into the atmosphere, then either using it in a commercial application or storing it in geological formations for hundreds to thousands of years. If policies aimed at large reductions of CO2 emissions from industrial sources and power plants are enacted, more CCS will be needed. RAND researchers explored the ability of the industrial base supporting the transportation and storage of CO2 to expand, assessing the industrial base for transportation and injection for CO2 for both geologic storage and enhanced oil recovery. They also identified and quantified the activities, equipment, and labor required for transporting CO2 to an injection site, using it in oil recovery, and storing it in a geologic formation. RAND developed four scenarios for future CCS development and determined that under most of them, significant expansion of geologic storage capacity is required after 2025, and that based on current activities, it appears that the industrial base supporting the development of geologic storage has the ability to meet increased needs for CO2 storage.

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